利用氢化钠和二甲基亚砜制成的二甲基亚硫酰钠溶液处理芳纶纤维(AF)表面酰胺键,使之产生活性位点,然后用烯丙基氯(AC)、三氯丙基三乙氧基硅烷(KH230)分别对钠离子化处理后的AF进行接枝,制备改性AF/炭黑(CB)/天然橡胶(NR)复合材料。研究结果表明,钠离子化的AF接枝AC后,改性AF表面氧元素含量减小,碳元素含量增大;而钠离子化的AF接枝KH230后,改性AF出现—C—Si—的伸缩振动吸收峰,且硅元素含量增大,表明两种单体均接枝成功。扫描电镜图片显示,改性AF表面粗糙度明显增加;XRD显示,钠离子化及接枝处理不影响AF晶体结构,但会降低结晶度。AC单体含有可直接参与橡胶硫化反应的CC键,可改善芳纶纤维与天然橡胶基体的界面相容性。与未改性AF/CB/NR相比,改性AF/NR复合材料拉伸强度与断裂伸长率分别提高了5.656%与26.438%。
The amide bond on the surface of aramid fiber (AF) was treated with a solution of sodium dimethyl sulfoxide made of sodium hydride and dimethyl sulfoxide to generate active sites.Then allyl chloride (AC) and trichloropropyltriethoxysilane (KH230) were used to graft the sodium ionized AF,to prepare modified AF/carbon black (CB)/natural rubber (NR) composite materials.The results of the study showed that after the sodium ionized AF was grafted with AC,the oxygen content on the surface of the modified AF decreased while the carbon content increased.After the sodium ionized AF was grafted with KH230,the modified AF showed —C—Si— stretching vibration absorption peak and the Si element content increased,indicating that both monomers were successfully grafted.Scanning electron microscopy pictures showed that the surface roughness of the modified AF increased significantly.XRD showed that sodium ionization and grafting treatment did not affect the AF crystal structure but decreased the crystallinity.It was can improve the interface compatibility of the AF and the natural rubber matrix because of the AC monomer contained CC bond that can directly participate in the rubber vulcanization reaction.Compared with unmodified AF/NR,the tensile strength and elongation at break of modified AF (sodium ionized and grafted AC)/NR composites were increased by 5.656% and 26.438%,respectively.
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基金资助
贵州省科技计划项目([2019]2166)
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